(…) it takes a village, if only for the taste to go away. A country does not mean being alone, know that in people, in plants, in the land there is something you, that even when you're still waiting for. But it is not easy to be quiet. Possible that at forty, and with the whole world that I've seen, does not yet know what my country? Cesare Pavese The:”La luna e i falò

Folk medicine has always placed in a dimension “other” with respect to scientific medicine (or cultured). Scientific medicine has always tried to give rational explanation to every disorder of the body and mind, by linking it to certain endogenous causes to the environment where we live, and treating diseases with specific drugs mostly derived from chemical. Even deriving much from it, folk wisdom it was something very different, uniting traditions religion and magic .... 1.1 NATURAL MEDICINE The concept of Hygienism Natural Hygiene is more a way of life that a therapeutic system. It takes care of the sick with the same factors that keep you healthy : sole aria acqua pura, heat healthy food, exercise and rest well balanced between their, cleaning and joy of living. The acute disease is not treated as an enemy but an extreme means that nature puts in place to eliminate excess toxins in the body. Toxemia is the real cause of disease, who care about detoxifying the body and not administering drugs, ie other poisons .... but the fasting as detoxifying therapy 1.2 INTERVIEW DAVID To balance my paper I wanted to include a vision of health on the part of those who believe practitioner. That's why I interviewed my countryman David for years with his large family to, Ben nove figli, practice natural medicine, but especially as he is keen to stress. before hygienist am the son of God, and in his teachings discovered the secret to living a healthy life ... Due to space I try to summarize the interview directly without following, (and then having to transcribe faithfully) the grid of question / answer. I want to clarify that I undertake in reporting,as closely as possible,his version without, enter judgment about, because as well as dishonest, would be just the opposite of my true intent .. that is to give an overview on the concept of health Precise Another well, as the reader will have the opportunity to personally experience, that David himself plays in a very personal way "natural medicine", but then this is quite "natural" since no one is free from the constraints, from their beliefs and tradition and culture in which it is inserted

I compliment and at the same time invite David to say these things in a low voice, non to the mai. It is always best not to be too safe when it comes to a subject as delicate and precarious as that of health. As David says in response : …on the contrary you have to go and shout it to the rooftops 4 winds.. mine is not arrogance ... it's not my bag of flour ... but the free gift of the Lord ... Continue David... Before talking about natural medicine can not help but mention the disease. The disease for the hygienist, for naturotopa is a gift not to be condemned or demonize, on the contrary it is a strategy that our "inner doctor" implements to help the body to react. The disease is not a symptom of an acute illness, but an expression of a chronic condition that has developed over time Example sputum, catarrh formed in the days before, is finally, finally thrown out. In each infection colitis.. vaginitis.. in each .. ite this happens Who created us has done wonderful things. Whenever something goes wrong and there is a sickness, billion people living in our bodies are organized for this to be eradicated. They worked for the life of even the most sophisticated computers can be compared to our body . There is more life in a cm2 of intestine, that living beings on earth. Our intestine is approximately 10 meters, you can well imagine how many living beings "live" our body. When we take an antibiotic is like throwing an atomic bomb. To eradicate one type of Bettero, destroy flora friend; a bit 'as when to fight the enemy in war bombard the city and with it the civilized people. Instead of Anti-bio(life)tical Should instead take the ... Pro-bio(life)tical, as for example the various enzymes that are found in foods La malattia dunque è qualcosa of is a wonderful gift. Thanks to the disease, I discovered life. Due to illness I discovered the health,even before I realized that I live. Before I choked every ailment, every ill, with the various methods that offered the allopathic medicine,classical medicine. I used suppositories, antibiotics, anti-inflammatory, treating the symptom but do not remove the cause which ultimately was in a wrong lifestyle, Power excessive behavior etc.. Forgetting to be a three-dimensional creature : mind body spirit. A strong spirit helps to address more vigorously the unexpected mind with positive thinking causes you to be a proactive body awareness improves its knowledge and replica of his faculties. Like knowing the properties of saliva, as the first factor digestive⁴² , or the importance of fasting to relieve bowel. We learn from the animals so when we are sick we do fasting to rest in the intestine Intestine = head-. Even famous scholars of various disciplines, emphasize and make correlation between gut and head. The importance of our belly ,somatizziamo with which not only the food, but also emotions . Awareness of the natural laws made by our creator, in parallel and follow the divine laws In our DNA is the 'imprinting of God . Natural law means respecting the cycles of the seasons of the sun the moon sleep ....

The sun is fundamental,for example, one may feed of football but if there is no sun that secures it in our bones we would all be stunted.. Here comes the importance of the outdoors. The sun as an energy charge too now live indoors and then we get sick just a different virus is in the air. Several children for this already suffer from allergies ... My being a believer helped me a lot in preserving the health. In the Bible has already been written all over it,them we can find any solution ... God wrote the Bible.. I stand corrected, and I say to David .. the man is not God who wrote it, arises an interesting debate but goes beyond the topic of the interview . David continues ... All we care about the health . The first thing people ask you how you are in health, However, even if a few Christians rely on the word of god,while both rely blindly on that of doctors Should you have a disease such as appendicitis logical I would go to the hospital to get treatment, but otherwise I prefer to follow the teaching of the Bible and of the nature and ours.. Many fathers say they are being treated by this or that luminary. For the love of God, good people but I prefer to trust in the hands of God. For me the Word of God is like a guide. In Sirach for example often cited the health issue ... ...There is no wealth better than health of body.. cap38ver15 who sins against his own creator fall into the hands of the doctor.. cap30ver26 Jealousy and anger shorten the days .. the concern anticipates old age Before talking about learning, taken care of before you get sick ..(lifestyles) cap31ver24 Sleep with a stomach healthy well adjusted his spirit is free. Labor of insomnia colic and vomiting accompany man gluttonous. Have you been forced to exceed in food? Get up and go to vomit and you will be relieved. cap31ver27 In all actions, be moderate and no disease will take ...are words that should not be so clear even explained yet in spite of them are free,available to everyone, are not considered. The same gospel brings healing often caused not so much Jesus but on the faith.

In truth, David here speaks title and personal conviction. The practice of natural medicine as much importance to the spiritual factor, but by no means is in favor of or against a particular religion. Indeed, as we read in the article below one of the most well-known hygienists dot.Vetrano claims even a scientific value of this practice⁴³ David continues It is not ... the doctor with pill you yelps. We can not just go to the specialist . We are the three dimensions naturotopa asks him about his work with the family if you have conflict ? The man of the Christian faith, is the man in the hope of faith even in the face of suffering and pain from one meaning. If Jesus gives you the cross also gives you the strength to carry. If you know there is a God who loves you accepted before you feel any of our social role profession we need to know and do not forget that we are children of God With faith we see things in another dimension and live better even though other things . In this life we ​​do not bring nothing good to leave a better life true happiness is to love the other one's neighbor as thyself summary of all the commandments The gift of faith must be cultivated day by day with the Word of God, with preghiera, a little 'how to put a brace so it will grow to be protected and not usurped . With this philosophy (?) ma was not stink? in the face of suffering the unexpected diseases heal before you. Also on Sirach says cap38 …the Lord hath created medicines from the earth and sensible man will not despise them .... Not from the laboratory to the pharmacy from the earth but many products as they are known have healing properties : chicory cabbage onion etc. ... that used by our forefathers who had no money were cured with natural products. Once everything was all better because it was more natural (?) Today there are nursing homes for the rich who are rediscovering these cures : heliotherapy mud therapies affiiritutr fienoterapia ,while we have them on hand for free in the open air, the sun precise once again not to be taken only the month in August but maybe at 50 ° throughout the year. Child not avvilirti in the disease but pray to the Lord and He will heal Many say that healed me this or that ... but the truth is always the Lord who heals no leaf falls without God forbid this explains some healings at Lourdes miracles happen "almost" (?) everyday If God was good and right should be at work all the time but with what priority ? God can not be unjust or capricious to choose who to save or punish those who believe that a god How good and generous acting on choices and exclusions perhaps through friars bleeding Create an immense cosmos and then works through a plaster Madonna crying blood ... maybe male and.. because to kill children to save and miracolare old ... and then what is the cause of healing, atheists or believers of other religions? It seems to me more a doctrine born .. its between me and David, but another interesting debate.. goes .... "beyond"

David continues ... Lifestyles incorrect lead to discomfort. Example not being able to forgive. Generates grudges that make the bad blood and ,sick. Or as I said before do not know taste of what nature offers free Chestnuts have saved generations, and the Lord gives you the free is just to collect Many say they do not hurt the digest,necessarily eat them at the end of a complete lunch. when the chestnut in itself is a complete food that ranges from just not forget that we are what we eat or better We are what we digest If those who do not eat well 90 passes into the water is best to eat 50 Eat with moderation but make energy when you are hungry you with serenity tract nutrient drink in time and measure A nice meal is a source of joy, if you overdo it alters the character of wisdom in what you do The fear of god ( not in the sense of fear, but of reverence ) and the teaching of my parents give me wisdom today is Important to educate educere bring out even from our children these values ​​Today, children are already overweight bombarded by television and advertising, no longer know how to appreciate what nature has to offer in their environment every season. For example, now that it is winter we have the orange fruits that have within itself the accumulated solar energy throughout the year. To treat bronchitis is the cabbage, that seemed exactly like the alveoli, while the interior is made of walnut as the two hemispheres of the brain is indicated for the memory of man is god who serves, also doctors, but often the simple and humble people ... like the monks who in their wisdom have been able to preserve and pass on to future generations all their knowledge ... but the man today with his science and his lab destroyed the millennia of folk wisdom made ?The naturotopa has inherited a little knowledge of these monks . Then you know David concludes Perfection is not of this world knows me say : you creperet you too ... even if you mangiet my ol panetù Sure creperò too.. maybe even before, but in the meantime as well as not to be a burden to the healthcare system…I do not spend money on medicine.. is already a grace. ..then if you're too well what more do you want??? ——

⁴² The famously true, for example, is always preceded dall'aquilina in the mouth . THE desire, the joy, and serenity resign at the table ⁴³Too many experiments so-called "scientific" prove false because it is money that dictates the answer; often the scientist, claiming to profess the religion of truth, terrified of losing their jobs and its gain, manipulates the conditions of the experiment until the required responses are not guaranteed. This is not science, but deception of the public. And 'because of the inability to understand that things animate heal themselves, that people will wonder when it is treated and cured without medicine, accustomed as it is to go from doctor to doctor, continuing to feel bad. Yet he continues to repeat that this is not "scientific", as "scientific" is only what is done by a doctor. But the mere fact that all improve, even when they do not heal completely, by means hygienist, does not mean that this is a science? (Dr. In. Vetrano)

The loss of the outlet to the sea, in the past has been cause for a claim policy, often only as a pretext to project their own faults of misrule (military) , on other issues (eg conflict with neighboring Chile) Nowadays it is useless to continue to perpetuate this dilemma and regret the lost sea. The company evolves, countries will relate more, collaborate meet for example in Switzerland or in the Andean Sur America . The United democracies evolve more and more sympathetic and attentive in the foreign policy of the sur there is more that rivalry between neighboring weights . What I say is confirmed by the latest events,the lesson of Lula in Brazil, Michelle Bachelet of Chile

In truth, then it must be said that our real sea is the Lake Titicaca which is the largest and highest lake in the world . This is not got nothing to complain or claim even with Mother Nature that if one side has given us a little bleak and barren plateau, the other has given us this immense blue expanse, without forgetting the other lying, the green of the jungle, where most of the territory is still unexplored Infinite spaces as indeed it seems to be also the time is measured only by approximation We have not so much a habitat deprived our true habitat is the outside in the wide horizons. The home for the campesinos is just a place to rest, everything else is done in the light of the sun. I ritmi are dictated by the nature of the sun ... once again point out that I am speaking not of the rural and the urban

⁴⁴ A little 'as King Oedipus (literally swollen feet ) abandoned because cripple , indeed dis-graced

3. ALIEN?

Who has traveled a little knows that the health system in Italy is a flagship . During the earthquake of 89 'I was as a volunteer in Armenia with the Civil Protection. The hospital of Spitak was a circus tent. In the operating room there hung some fly-adhesive strips, such as those that were used once in the stables (at the time of the hooves of the tree) Resting on a chair, c’era un siringa di vetro, that a huge nurse (Local), with a lot of boots and bib (stained ...) reclined and then fill. He used the same syringe , always with the same needle (wrong) for all hospitalized. ⁴⁵ Just separate to react a little at a blow I went to see an acquaintance missionary in India Only, I settled on a provisional Calcutta c / o the sisters of Mother Teresa . (Annex No. 12) Impress dying to see how many living on the street. If you are lucky collected by the nuns and just a piece of bread or a simple massage to inspire them the best therapy. Once alfalfa a person with a deep wound in the skull so as to catch a glimpse of the ventricles and from there out white worms as big as ants. The father told me that if I had had the courage to medicate without getting sick, any thing in the world I would have made more impression. The bow of intravenous phlebotherapy, was the same for all . Father always told me not to make any comments to the brothers nurses because if we stopped for a short time, for them it was a daily job. With great joy, after a few days tactfully, I managed to do the Same,the medication to the head before with the same surgical, did the medication at the foot of the other patients ... (appropriate to say) To care for children, was enough to pick them up to make them infinitely happy and you felt like shit for so much undeserved and consideration Arrived finally some Italians asked me that I said therapy attuavo against malaria: nothing I try to take it in small doses slowly ah said homeopath ?No poor …fu una risaata unica . Yet without any therapy was the only one never to have suffered disorders. Also true that I did not get around to trying all sorts of things.. Cristian three years ago as a volunteer with me in Malawi c / o the Montfort(Annex No. 11).eating mice for sharing solidarity but mostly as a challenge and then feel bad. Criticized me because I was a difficult. I asked him eat cats in Italy? No.. Answered. So why come to a foreign land to eat mice? Are ragaaaazzi. Belli hospitals missions but elephants Each Mission shows off his antagonist almost ospedaletto, instead of joining forces and making them into functional since it lacks those who manage or knows how to use Thinking back to the trip I particularly remember one time I helped shave a leper without fingers, he used among other things, a razor blade rusted, and this was all bloody. I remembered when I was a little barber and shaved with skill to do it without swearing or perhaps cursed not only because insensible to pain? Or maybe because moved by the gesture all the more beautiful if I had not written patience ... even now .. I am perfect —-

⁴⁵Another detail that struck me was the note as in the stables, distinguevi effortlessly at a glance, what were the farmer's cows (50%) and those of the State (50%) were literally twice. Another detail that I remember with pleasure was the suffix jan (expensive) to its name, however, only if I meritaviPresto me in tramutai Occupant

⁴⁶ I confess that his narrative has fascinated me and upset at the same time. I was impressed especially when told that: Now is the veterinarian confirmed the death of the infected cow,was buried with a lot of lime. In the evening, "some people" were going to dissotterrala to eat flesh.. the famously element .. famously The sign. Emy she was a nurse at the asylum. He was very attached to his work in all senses, since she had to take turns ( called The Guard) of 3 consecutive days at work; interspersed con1solo day at home was very fond of his patients,you affezionava and suffered much to see so many of them were just normal people who were locked up alone for riscuoterne relatives of the rich heritage that in part was the institution itself ...

Angelo was an elderly person, that inspired awe and sometimes fear. Amputee to a limb, he moved with his rudimentary wooden axillary crutches, and lived by selling sacred image (santini) some swore that they were miraculous. The boys often played tricks and he had learned to defend themselves clubbing anyone with uncertain intentions, the shot went under. One day I saw him in trouble drinking from the fountain,flickering with my small hands, I handed him the water,pleased he gave me a "figurine". Not knowing yet to read I asked him what it was called the saint portrayed. Mi disse che non era una santa ma la Madonna di Lourdes, and that if I really wanted to you could use up all my desiderio.Ricordo like it was yesterday, I said: "Someday I'd like to have a real racing bike, maybe just to visit her at her house ". For the first and only time I saw him amused smile ... but I was seriously .... I am writing this to highlight how insignificant events, at times can instead become also a distance of time of the precursors of important choices, and how everything and all of us, we are somehow important in the context in which we live. Respect, the sense of tradition, of memory and memory, have no limits of time or space last year I went in bici a Lourdes I did well and a dedication to Angelo Tired but happy the last few kilometers I've paths singing with happiness . Truly a song a little out of tune ... but were known copyright ... happy without fear of .... "ERRARE"Even the teachers are wrong? I was recently at a conference organized by the Uildm "Poer marter of a differently abled"As you unravel the distance between the semantics care and indifference relations, to situations of fragility in the culture of the image A university professor said : the good terms diversabile etc. .. are often hoaxes Once they were raw in the call but there was the gesture of welcome from the community instead opposite view our storytellers Ravasio quoting the book Pimpi oseli the Belotti (which I highly recommend) stated that the disabled were previously regarded as almost always the poor di-sgraziac without the grace of god⁴⁷ Avoid the ... ... (Annex No. 6) While waiting for the experts to decide the meantime we begin to call them by name ... ——

⁴⁷Ravasio often referred to it as the poor disabled people in the past were a source of ridicule and marginalization considered true disgraziac without the grace of God. Bello the story of the girl without hand p 46 which is attached .. cretinism idiocy dwarfism was the norm for the people of the valleys ... I do not see the doctor says screaming to the teacher are all referring to schoolchildren who are stunted anemic lymphatic always closed in the barn to breathe letam ee microbes instead of pure air p,54 ibid

4..3 Nesto

The life and ... well ... other ... not necessarily the only live abroad, or in extreme choices My indeed, Our villager Nesto he lived until last year, in an old farmhouse, on the slopes "Mut"Mount which is only 6 kilometers from the center of Bergamo. He "lived" the Canto Alto Its a wonderful life, in direct contact with nature, inserted indeed planted in the woods, it was an integral part. It was unclear if it was he who, however with difficulty, tamed the mountain, or was the same forest that had assimilated and digested .. In fact,, for us he was a sort of guardian . "In the middle of the journey" between civilization and the hectic nature of the patient calm ; halfway between the need and aspiration of the contingent material well impelling of detachment and spiritual ascent ... Nesto despite having lived a life almost as a hermit, was made to love by gente.Non there was a lot of passerby, are not addressed a greeting, a word or an invitation to drink his coffee .. It would seem the best of life, but the neighbor's grass is known is always greener. Nesto spent a peaceful life, but also hard, mica is simple tame nature, it takes strength and patience, expectation and hope everyday, and fruits such as the rhythms you just can not hardly expect if they humbly supplicate (Attachment No. 7) This logic does not always happen and accented including, Nesto was certainly happy and content, had never seen a doctor, yet last year there is not ... It seems incredible unthinkable, and yet you have to resign .. no one has a magic wand nobody is eternal but the memory that we leave, which is then guarded as a treasure chest I went to the funeral ceremony, believed to be one of the few to honor,instead with great joy the Basilica of Sorisole was packed to capacity. Touching was the sermon, but with simple words don Giancarlo invited us to reflect, that only a few steps away from us ................ …there may be another life and beyond ... You have to fight, a culture,as a more sustainable environment and Nesto this taught us in an exemplary way .. the Canto Alto today seems to mourn his passing and we with Him ... Just outside the Church a ray of sunlight pierced the clouds bigie . The rain stopped instantly. The look of astonished people turned to the next Canto Alto, where a cloud covered the "Mut" right up to the edge of the house that was barely visible Nesto, as a sign of mourning to un suo frattale. Everyone has seen, and this is not demagoguery cadetemi, but pure and true reality once again ... if anything is poetry ....

4. CESER

Cesare era ⁴⁸ an eccentric character loved and feared by the people at the same time Farmer, then emigrated abroad, repatriated to marry the beautiful Elizabeth Every morning, whatever the weather: rain snow storm, Ceser alle 5.45. in point he went to the country, with his battered bicycle, and singing loudly gave us the alarm. People could adjust the clock to its passage, so it was necessary. After the turn of the factory was in his true kingdom . He had more than his normal residence, a large rustic partial ruin,and it is them who spent his free time. Retired became in fact his true home. Everyone knew him, even experts local farmers consulted him , to know when and how to sow, cut back, give the water to the screw, chopping wood etc... I also had a small vineyard in his area, for this I had the good fortune and honor to know him and to be considered later in his time.. friend.. a rarity this, that granted to very few people. He confided to me that he was impressed by the way I bestial and superhuman work trying to move mountains and smooth ..., but at the same time respectful considerate habitat. To me the Ceser, instead struck his wisdom, in particular its ability to read the signs of events , and consequently always find a formula as a remedy.. He had a philosophy of life simple but original, an inexhaustible source of knowledge even though he was illiterate, I gave several lectures ...⁴⁹ . His advice was most dear to hide in a secret place one CASKET "Such as the case of memories" and go and dig it up when something was not the right way. In that casket I had to put my memories and some things from the past. If you spoke a little formula, before opening the cassette, then you had the impression of reliving concrete situations and moods. I was skeptical. Stated that without real conviction, However, it ran the risk of opening just an old box containing junk or things for children…mai cresciuti ——Ceser recopied and recreated in miniature in a traditional way, everything in his world (forest) fascinated him, I wondered .. snakes birds caves roots etc... Even today in his farmhouse, nestled in the woods, in the fraction of S anna (Sorisole) you can admire the works of art, that because these, have nothing to envy to the same graffiti Altamura. They could well be included in a tourism promotion, as an expression of the popular local art ⁵⁰. For the occasion of my thesis , I went to talk to his wife to ask you permission to report some considerations about his philosophy of life . Moved Mrs. Elizabeth gladly accepted . Confused and disbelieving gratified to see that someone is interested in the well know Ceser I invited one of her daughters (Cesare has 2 daughters and 2 grandchildren) , refer to some phrase or proverb that usually used to say. A few days later he handed me a paper apologizing for the fact that you did not have a "culture" proper to write better. The writing is so good you do not spoil it for him so I enclose the original thesis .⁵¹ Letter daughter I think anyone who would like to be remembered in this way from their family ... even I think this is the true meaning of life. Well I asked if I could have a picture to attach to my thesis. Mrs. Elizabeth told me that he hardly was photographed. There was indeed a beautiful photo, but only that it showed Ceser work with dirty clothes and his pants routes. deliver Me I made the same .. and thanks to the computer as a skilled tailor ricucii his pants. Mrs. happy he was moved, her beautiful eyes bright and wide open .. This fact shone believe me pays for itself, mine Tesi. Thank you, Mrs. Elizabeth ... thank you .. Ceser ⁵² have struck again. For inspiration on the thesis, I went back to its rustic. Material things are kept relatively well, but it is difficult to write certain atmospheres, certain memories, moods.. but then here insaight ... one .. I open the treasure chest No empty. Then .. a rustle of wind and a leaf flutters beside me. Close my eyes and feel Ceser sing again I can see him on that rusty bike but this time with the sewn pants ... but the heart is always open A wound miss you, but this is life . I picked up the leaf, but do not put in the casket, make sure the buried seed, I do so with the beautiful inscription of your obituary ... jealously guards but not the build that into my paper ———–

 

⁴⁸“Era ", because last year he, who had never seen a doctor in his life, at the age of 73 years has left us ⁴⁹She taught me to see the halo adrenaline of animals and people to take pictures then brain and many other secrets that I can not say because I put them in the box . Encased in case of need. He also taught that nature is difficult to tame it does so only in appearance?…. Perhaps this is the charm ⁵⁰I confess that I was impressed to see between these works, the miniature copy of the sentence that I had engraved in my exit on a slab of slate : even the most humble .... woodland animals ... then I was moved to see that part of the same sentence he found engraved on his tomb ⁵¹Writing simple and straightforward but that shines the good he has of his father

⁵²When I think of pleasant Ceser I can not compare it to the magical Alverman. Gianni and the magical Alverman a show that has stuck in my memory of so many children and young people of that era. A young doctor named Gianni went to spend a holiday at the water mill. Here he meets the goblin Alverman ....

5. THE MASK THAT HEALS

The man since the dawn, has always practiced zoomorphism In the various rituals for example, the transfiguration of the celebrant animal was deeply tied to ancestral cultural meanings that refer to agro-pastoralist civilizations and their myths of regeneration of nature,in an attempt last, of Exorcise death. The reasons or purposes of this travesty were basically two: • predict the arcane (taboo), • make peace with the gods and representations related to the rituals of fertility, were considered sacred, especially during the spring and summer solstice On those occasions it was the sacrifice of Dionysus (son of Demeter = mother earth) who offered the prisoner satyr Pluto god of the underworld, who had kidnapped his sister Kora (spring) In return Kora once freed, could go back to Earth and restore shine, life and love, the whole of creation. Dionisio ⁵³ died fighting in mud. His body smeared, rolled in the muddy clay, was then dipped into the trough for animals : water and mud the ridavano life Even today there are traditions (natural medicine) or cultures such as the Andean (see below) where the medicines are still closely tied to the land

6.1 LA MASCHERA RITUALE Representations, that changed over time in magical-religious ceremonies, and then In propitiatory rituals in these occasions the Minister of worship, to possess more power and suggestion, he covered his face with a mask Ritual. The masks could cover the whole head, (in some cases, were part of a one-piece swimsuit) and were made with different materials: straw, bark, leaves, fabric, leather, paper mache, plastic, wax and other. The mask gave great powers who was authorized to take, and could not be made, if not seguendo accuracy rituali, such as asking permission to the spirit that you wanted to represent, offering a sacrifice . —– ⁵³ In other ritual forms Dionysus it dies after being transformed into a goat. […]

Rites

During the rites for agriculture, masks symbolized the god of rain and fertility of those; similarly, animal masks propiziavano a good hunt, or in the case of the sorcerer ingraziavano good care The dress of the Priest changes during the liturgical year,even today there are those who argue that the dress (apron) even the doctor in white, represents a propitiatory gesture and holds a huge importance in the placebo effect (see below)

To disguise some populations joined by his Totem like the masks depicting deities, mythological characters, ancestors, spiriti maligni o Benigni, animals or magical beings. The totems protected the inhabitants, taking away spirits and diseases, for this were often considered, part of the cultural heritage of the tribe, and object of religious worship. The obelisk of our cities ,seems to recall the phallic symbol of the Totem

Even in funeral ceremonies, in some cultures, There were masked dancers, Their task was to accompany the soul of the deceased in the spirit world, so do not come back to harm the living. Even in ancient Egypt the mask was placed on the face of the deceased as a protection from evil spirits and to guide the spirit in the afterlife were then reproduced faithful masks that were used in the rites of remembrance, to have tangible image of the deceased .......... a bit like they were pictures of our day. Over time the masks were then used only for dance, shows or just plain fun Especially during the period of Italian Comedy, the mask gave a strong impetus to the emergence of our European culture. Travel metticiamenti brothels liminal zones The same actor was also often barber barker doctor if not a charlatan ... In their travels fix not only the parties, but networks of relationships to LARGA MAGLIA .

6.2 ACTORS BARBIERI EDITORS

La maschera therefore represents a collective force transpersonal an archetype that communicates both with the divine (rituals), both with the vulgar (everyday) more raw. Soflocle recited by the tragedies of the court jesters, from the farcical pantomime clown of the government of the day A role important was that of the Italian comedy of the 500 ', anteponendosi learned that the elite culture of the courts or that of the monasteries, proposed to the fact as the only proponent of popular culture folk actors of the comedy had to make a virtue, polyvalent . Diplomats spies consuls,mercenaries, barbers, harlots and health "Treated 'the knowledge medicines, but especially the language, made mostly of gestures, for a better understanding of the various dialects in the tangle. With great difficulty crossed often with makeshift,the whole country and continent, borders and customs handed down plagues robbers while preservavano, a worldly culture and profane ... A pagan folklore made mostly of epiphanies carnival actors created a process of osmosis between individuality and social role scenic , as for example : the spoken identified Bologna the learned doctor, the Venetian dialect the rich merchant, that the Spanish captain, the dialect of Bergamo instead that of porters and servants who worked often in the Venetian ducat and met in brotherhood such as that of Bastagi Who wears the mask can not lay it down for reasons of magical power and role ... Gigeosky

Today no one denies the anthropological origins of the theater: dal culto (sacred and not playful) the rite as a primary impulse of every man . Ask the feast a time of suspension of space and time Then came the need for a representation of the collective experiences. From initiation rites .... primitive religious ceremonies funeral rites of the ancient Egyptians .................. then repeated in customs became Heritage (culture). From action to recreation ... ... ...Up to the worship of our day on the altar where the priest celebrates the drama of death and .... resurrection Semplicus The Dukes left to do for the good governance and political expediency, even you hogging the recitation of the best companies as a sign of prestige convinced that Laughter is the best medicine

6.3 THE ZANNI

The theater became as a system of social control. Leave externalize the vulgar their instincts and discontent was a palliative very comforting and reassuring .. Often the same actors in their works represented the Theory of humors The balance of humors was re-established with the simple externalization of the same. The treatment protocol ( and scenic) was often vomiting (expulsion of the neat little) the rutting sessuale (the old helpless) or therapy of purgative Zanni who did his belly a God, personification of all appetites. Interesting terminology of the word zani backpack (bag) zuan (John) zuanpolo (Giovanpaolo) Allechin with that reported previously by Dante The same divine into the hell of our (?) Harlequin then Mantua originates from zanni. The first was to represent the actor Martinelli (500’) Bughello of Mantua, So no one invents nothing, if anything, re-creates. The mask of the zany seems to be as black as soot on the face of the porters of Venice who unloaded coal from ships, I looked like demons and the damned, lame, bent under the weight of goods unloaded and their living The word mask (according to the study of Mignatti ⁵⁴) comes from Boeda which means messy or dirty Rail = Fog that invokes the theme of ghost fear of the spirits who scare. Borda say they are also parasites that are harmful to the culture and culture as daemons that generate worms in children, frightened by stories of pure made of: larvae,spirits, underworld, beasts, horns and hooves of goats, donkey ears, satyrs, fauns (Dionisio) The Zanni over the bag⁵⁵ , always has with him a stick. His Face (evil) is covered in soot and walking hopping for the missing bone . The common theme of the zany is the journey to the underworld and the souls that they return to earth = populated of Shadows The Zanni was the pagan religion that the Church has tried to Christianize In San Giovanni is the summer solstice. At Christmas (sun = life light that overcomes the night) the winter solstice The Other John (is celebrated at the end of year) is the prototype of the Christian hermit in the desert⁵⁶ In solitude only eats grasshoppers, struggle between good and evil, to purify themselves from the temptations 88 Parcival also moves away from the comforts , starts to grow in test, enters the forest (fundamental role in fairy tales) liminal zone mysterious, unknown, to get hurt but purified mutated and with greater force and later became Re Taumaturgo ⁵⁷ Zanni returning from the underworld, , also embodies other energy, comes from the role of villain rough (Venice Bergamo = padrone service) but how did the ancient jester .. ridendo complaint A mask that brings chaos regenerator, rice purifier, synonymous with fertility, Instead of Pantagruel which remains a servo hungry, lazy and stupid, at the mercy of the appetites most scurrilous, manly love, but eternal disappointed, With the demon telluric force propitiatory, under the control of the will, man can exercise the powers precisely through the moods and passions. A symbolic evasion no longer makes sense, away because the awareness of our being ... Shadow Jung explains how these comic figures, that he associates with the Divine Trickster is a psiocologema .. that is a psychic structure archetype that dates back to ancient times. This figure is not buried in the past, but it manifests itself as a second personality, character and lower infant Jung called SHADOW⁵⁸ with its reverse trend and ridicule, is the first meeting for the development of our personality, so that as the beginning of each year, or after an illness must necessarily be reborn reborn The trouble is he believed to dominate everything with reason : conscious and unconscious The "Carnival" the mask is physiological need to escape the rules and then re-enter mutated Here you need to redeem himself to leave the city to go to the master in the beautiful desert and return regenerated healed this is a little summary of the

The fiaba The tale of how Sbadilon dig dig to free the princess buried alive. Saves it but then he is no longer able to get out of the pit. Enlists the help of a bird of prey .... the eagle takes him by the heel and makes it lame = but saves his life. says the beautiful Mignatti prof .... To grow you lose something in return you buy other faculties .

In the journey to the realm of the dead (= Rebirth) still it is said that once he Sbadilon last shovelful .. saw a shadow approached, saying ohJohn ... but you.. What are you doing here?

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⁵⁴Nomen omen Alessandra Mignatti University of Bergamo from Zani Mercenary of the European Square and Moretti Vitali 05 ⁵⁵In whose interior is often depicted a child bastagio . In the dictionary of Bran 1612 is located fang = basket of thin strips of wood that can be used as a cradle. For the zanni the basket was used for the transport of coal. While in the Tuscan era tusk meant joke instead stick represented the foul fertility spring . In chiarivari (vulgar representations of the nativity with themes of helplessness and horns bastardagine ) the stick was painted with lilies symbol of purity

⁵⁶the desert is the place par excellence present in all religions

⁵⁷At the time it was thought that the king had healing powers with the simple sign. As well as those people who marked by a severe handicap or another were hump-eyed through the border between the (demon) and the sky (Angels) between the real world and the afterlife ⁵⁸Gli Zani Testaverde pag 57

How Sbadilon (profane) also Jacob (sacred) struggle with the "mystery" and comes out lame, knows well the liminal space, the zone of turbulence the place ...SACRED.. In these places liminal : –Moses (that he was dyslexic) receiving the tablets of the law ... the sacred that goes.. Over the same word –Aronne instead builds up the Golden Calf.. the iconoclast sanctified, as concrete relationship divine religion-which means to bind together becomes already a cause of scandal and division becomes instead demanded What binds, used by the rulers for.. Divide et impera For purification from evil, the man in these areas of turbulence,as a sign of forgiveness sacrifice innocent victims a scapegoat , offering blood archaic symbol of life and fertility and sexuality (species transmission) First with human sacrifices,then animals and finally luck with simple artistic representations Already in the early archaic paintings, discovered in Altamura can be observed in hunting scenes , the offertory ritual . The thought seems to vanish into thin air, but if the history of our time, was considered as the extension from arm to arm, by the appearance of Ancient Egypt to the present day, for example, say experts, dust would be considered ... a nail filed down of original sin is perhaps the pretense of knowledge and arrogance of knowledge omniscient The same artistic representations each interprets them at her convenience Famous are stains (wet crusts of rubble) Leonardo , which were interpreted as works of art, everyone could see what I wanted most in the paintings of Caravaggio Already the "experts" of his time, interpreted meanings, the artist even unconsciously meant. His paintings among other things were "pure" narratives . As a tale that can have a chronos a before and after, so Caravaggio did not paint but told her paintings, and not everyone could understand them ... That's a painting can become a therapy for the soul if nothing else. Without being too busy otherwise already have ready a syndrome affibbiarti such as Stendhal inspired .. and .. in-stops for too much grace .... —-

8. VACUUM TO LOSE ?

I recently attended a meeting on " The crisis of the family"Rispecchiala that the crisis of society, the rapporteur Don Mangili enunciated ... the man is stretched to perfection, goes to try to compensate for that sense of emptiness that comes back every time I can not meet its demands. Then she realizes that the Other is different and it is not always as we wish Here is the real crisis of values. Sign of the times, awareness of the limits of everything?Always Don Mangili .. Faith helps because it gives meaning to life, and gives us the aspiration to a fullness and finiteness which in this case ... care Loneliness is not never loved, generates suffering, but at the same time makes us realize the fragility and beauty of the precariousness of life. It thus becomes more sensitive , more attentive to the little things, Other and more careful ....One glance Holding each other. Beauty and difficulty of this research Mangili Don gave us a sample of his wisdom and ability to summarize by saying in concluding that testimony of 'human being who is always unhappy in search of fulfillment, paradosso eats dal recent Synod came out 3 types of "categories" In marriage-believe-priests in communion we believe in the priesthood-separated believe the nuns. don William Thanks for the sermon ... Thanks also to those who are fighting the church pastors ... depraved that destroys all hope every rainbow .Gone with the Wind⁵⁹ The same separation has become a source of discrimination against people a little "out of tune" Absurd state of a justice that replaces instead of supporting those in need . absurd to treat their children as a property of a 740 to declare, source of income and jobs for different professionals. People become consumer goods x prosecutors What drug can replace a child?⁶⁰ Thank God the man evolves .. times and laws.. great law of foster joint but must always be lowered and lived in the reality of our miseries (Annex n ° 14) —– ⁵⁹Famous Book written by some bishops who criticize the careerism and the thirst for power of the corrupt Church A church that instead of helping those who have fallen on hard times, as the "separate" prohibits the communion and community life and the bubble with a stigma . Perhaps the church is L 'Antichrist About, as the man who reacts to act , source of so much evil and wickedness is not resigned ... and wondering how does Jeremiah build or destroy build or eradicate? ⁶⁰How to mourn the loved one that you fails after separation if the same prosecutors to keep alive the interest shores wound.. generating more conflicts with